Israel-a land of contrasts. There are mountains, valleys and deserts. Within the country is the lowest point on earth-the Dead Sea (394 m below sea level). The highest point in Israel-Mount Hermon (2294 m above sea level).
Two mountain ranges divide Israel into three completely different areas of relief:
1.Primorskuyu (or coastal) plain;
2.Gornuyu region;
3.Iordanskuyu depression.
1.Primorskaya plain. Maritime plain has a length of 190 km and a width of 40 km. It includes different Zevulun Valley, north of Haifa, Hasharon plain to the south of Haifa to Tel Aviv and the Jewish plain south of Tel Aviv. For a narrow strip of sandy beach is fertile farmland. On the Coastal Plain inhabits most of the population is concentrated the bulk of industrial and agricultural potential of Israel and are the principal port city of Haifa, Ashdod and Tel-Aviv, a leading industrial and commercial center of the country.
It begins in a narrow strip from the Lebanese border in the north and stretches across the Negev desert to Egypt in the south. Maritime Plain, in turn, is divided into three parts: the valley and Zevulun Zapadnogalileyskoe coast, in the north, Sharon (Sharon or valley) and the Caramel coast, in the center, the Mediterranean coast (the plain in the Negev and Judean plain) in the south.
2.Gornaya area stretches from the Lebanese mountains in the north to Eilat in the south bay. In the west it rises gently, forming a chain of hills in the 200-400 m height. In the east, the mountains are steep and precipitous. The mountains reaching 1,280 m. The mountain range is also divisible into three parts: the Galilee, in the north, Central Highlands (Judea, Samaria and Shfela) in the center and the highlands of the Negev, in the south.
3. Rift Valley. This unique hollow, often referred to as the Jordan under the name of the current of the river here is part of a major geological fault - the Syrian-African rift valley and includes r.Iordan, sandwiched between the mountains of Judea and Samaria hills to the west and Jordan to the east, the Hula valley between the hills of Galilee and the Golan Heights, the Jezreel Valley between the mountains of Galilee and Samaria, Dead Sea basin and the longitudinal trough of Wadi al-Arab, connecting it with the Red Sea. Dead Sea is superior to all lakes of the world on indicators of density and salinity of the water (which is dominated by ions of potassium, magnesium and bromine). The deepest part of the rift zone and the lowest place on land (403 m below sea level) is confined to the southern tip of the Dead Sea, near our old. Negev Plateau occupies about half the territory of Israel and extends from the Judean desert (between Jerusalem and the Dead Sea) in the north to the Gulf of Aqaba in the south. For this desert region, the folded limestone, characterized by various forms of arid denudation. The country's largest river Jordan flows from north to south across the Sea of Galilee (Lake Kinneret) - the largest reservoir of fresh water in Israel, and empties into the Dead Sea. Other rivers have a small extent, and usually dry in summer. The exceptions are the river Kishon, length of 13 km, and the Yarkon, length of 26 km, flowing into the Mediterranean Sea off Haifa and Tel Aviv. stretches from the north (from Mount Hermon) to the south (Gulf of Eilat to the Red Sea). This is a narrow tectonic valley, part of the so-called Syrian-African rift or fault. The Jordan valley is divided into several areas: the upper stream of the Jordan and Lake Kinneret, Jordan Valley, Dead Sea, Arava and Eilat Gulf.
